arcainnovАрктика и инновацииArctic and Innovations3034-1434ФГАОУ ВО «МАУ»10.21443/3034-1434-2026-4-1-34-41arcainnov-104Research ArticleСтатьиНекоторые аспекты шумового загрязнения в АрктикеArctic Noise Pollution: Selected AspectsБразовскаяЯ. Е.BrazovskayaYa. E.

Бразовская Яна Евгеньевна — помощник ректора по вопросам Арктики

192007, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Воронежская, д. 79

Yana E. Brazovskaya — Assistant Rector for Arctic Affairs of Russian State Hydrometeorological University.

Saint-Petersburg, Voronezhskaya str, 79

y.brazovskaya@rshu.ruАвдышД. М.AvdyshD. M.

Авдыш Денис Максимович — юрист 

199004, г. Санкт-Петербург, 2-я линия Васильевского острова, д. 41/13 лит. А., помещ. 1-н

Denis M. Avdysh — Lawyer

199004, St. Petersburg, 2nd line Vasilyevsky Island, 41/13 lit. A., Room 1-N

ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный гидрометеорологический университет»РоссияRussian State Hydrometeorological UniversityRussian FederationООО «АГЕНТСТВО КОНСУЛЬТАНТ»РоссияAGENTSTVO KONSULTANT LLCRussian Federation202616032026413441Copyright © Бразовская Я.Е., Авдыш Д.М., 20262026Бразовская Я.Е., Авдыш Д.М.Brazovskaya Y.E., Avdysh D.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.arcainnov.ru/jour/article/view/104

Арктический регион переживает трансформацию акустического ландшафта вследствие интенсификации морского судоходства и промышленной деятельности. В статье представлен анализ масштабов и последствий шумового загрязнения подводной среды Арктики, включающий оценку темпов роста антропогенного шума, который удвоился за период 2013–2019 гг. Особое внимание уделяется уязвимости арктических морских млекопитающих к акустическим помехам, обусловленной их эволюционной адаптацией к звукоориентированному восприятию в условиях ограниченной освещенности. Рассматриваются географическое распределение и спектральные характеристики антропогенного шума, демонстрирующие значительную пространственную и сезонную неоднородность с концентрацией в районах интенсивного судоходства. Анализируются существующие регуляторные механизмы, включая обновленные руководящие принципы Международной морской организации 2023 года и выявляются существенные пробелы в системе обязательного нормирования. Представлены прогнозы увеличения медианных уровней подводного шума на 5 децибел к 2030 году, что соответствует почти четырехкратному увеличению звуковой энергии. Предложен комплекс междисциплинарных стратегий управления шумовым загрязнением, включающий долгосрочный акустический мониторинг, территориально-ориентированные меры и технологические инновации в судостроении.

The Arctic region is experiencing an unprecedented transformation of its acoustic landscape due to the intensification of maritime shipping and industrial activity. This article presents an analysis of the scale and consequences of underwater noise pollution in the Arctic, including an assessment of anthropogenic noise growth rates, which doubled during the period of 2013–2019. Special attention is given to the unique vulnerability of Arctic marine mammals to acoustic disturbances, determined by their evolutionary adaptation to sound-oriented perception under conditions of limited illumination. The geographical distribution and spectral characteristics of anthropogenic noise are examined, demonstrating significant spatial and seasonal heterogeneity with concentration in areas of intensive shipping. Existing regulatory mechanisms are analyzed, including the updated guidelines of the International Maritime Organization from 2023. Significant gaps in the current regulation system are identified. Predictions are presented for an increase in median underwater noise levels of five decibels by 2030, which corresponds to nearly a fourfold increase in sound energy. A set of interdisciplinary strategies for managing noise pollution is proposed, including long-term acoustic monitoring, spatiallyoriented measures, and technological innovations in shipbuilding.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.