Aim: To explore complementarity mechanisms between the spiral interaction model of innovation process actors (Triple/Quadruple Helix) and Smart Specialization Strategy (S3) in organizing the neo-industrialization of northern and Arctic territories, with a focus on foreign and Russian cases. Additionally, determine whether such complementarity may develop under certain conditions.
Methods. Four case studies were selected for a comparative analysis according to three criteria: evidence in academic publications or official sources, representation of both models in the case (a priority selection principle similar to S3 and a spiral interaction of actors), and variability in institutional conditions. Three international cases were analyzed based on published applied research and official reports from relevant organizations, while the Russian case was examined using regulatory legal acts and official sources.
Results. Consideration is given to the Robotdalen initiative (Sweden), the Arctic Smartness program (Lapland, Finland), the waste management project within the framework of the “fundamental economy” (Norway), and the formation of the innovative scientific and technological center Unity Park in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Russia). In practice, juxtaposing the models as competitors is not supported. Smart specialization serves as a principle for selecting regional development priorities, while the spiral model describes the composition and nature of interactions among participants implementing these priorities. The Russian case study illustrates the development of this architecture during the initial institutional phase of a resource-producing Arctic region.
Conclusion. The models comprise a unified, two-tiered architecture for regional innovation policy. Smart specialization defines the substantive priorities, whereas the spiral model provides the institutional mechanism for their implementation. Complementarity among the models depends on the region’s ability to compensate for structural weaknesses among individual actors within the spiral.

In the context of reconstructing ports and other hydraulic structures, historical paper smooth sheets are particularly significant for tracking bottom mark dynamics over time. However, the integration of paper smooth sheets into modern digital surveying systems remains challenging. This paper introduces an artificial intelligence (AI)-based method for digitally harmonizing old (paper) and new smooth sheets intended for subsequent analysis of coastal zone dynamics and bottom topography.

This article is part of a publication series about students who entered the newly established Hydrographic Institute of the Northern Sea Route in 1935 and received their degrees as hydrographic engineers between 1938 and 1940. Consideration is given to the work of Hydrographic Institute graduates in the Arctic during the pre-World War II period.

Most small vessels have been constructed using wood or fiberglass-/carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials. Increasingly, low-pressure polyethylene, or high-density polyethylene (HDPE), has been adopted as an alternative material. It combines enhanced resistance to marine environments with full recyclability, as well as a low density and competitive price. However, research on producing vessel structural components from HDPE is limited. Thus, this study aims to thoroughly analyze the production processes for HDPE vessels, detailing available manufacturing technologies. In particular, the welding technologies used to join hull components are closely examined. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of applying HDPE as a structural material in shipbuilding are critically evaluated. Results from this study contribute to the development of standardized approaches for manufacturing small vessels from low-pressure polyethylene.

Aim. To develop and substantiate a theory-based model for providing pedagogical support to engineering and technical personnel, as well as management professionals, in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF), considering the shift in international educational cooperation towards partners in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the BRICS, given the suspension of cooperation with Western Arctic states.
Methods. A comprehensive methodology was applied, including a comparative pedagogical analysis of educational programs; content analysis of regulatory documents issued by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and relevant universities in the Arctic region; an expert survey of representatives of the National Arctic Scientific and Educational Consortium (NANOK) and the Russian-Asian Consortium for Arctic Research (n = 34); and a statistical analysis of trends in the number of international students enrolled in Arctic-related programs for 2019–2025.
Results. From 2019 to 2025, the percentage of international students from the Asia-Pacific region who were enrolled in Arctic educational programs increased from about 12% to 41%. A model of pedagogical support comprising three components — adaptation, competency, and reflection and assessment — has been developed. The model was tested using network programs with universities in China and India. Conventional models of pedagogical support initially designed for culturally homogeneous student communities proved ineffective when applied to students from Southeast and South Asia. This is due to differences in educational traditions, language barriers, and a lack of adaptation to the local climate.
Conclusion. The proposed model can serve as a foundation for designing dual-degree educational programs and fostering network collaboration between Russian Arctic universities and their international partners. However, further research is needed to longitudinally assess the professional adaptation of joint program graduates at AZRF enterprises.

Preparation stages in the construction of a national facility for the deep, long-term disposal of high-hazard solid radioactive waste are considered. 
Objective. To assess the quality and safety of the project. 
Methodology. A comparative analysis of regulatory documents and other legal, historical, mining, and geological information.
Criterion. The analysis should accurately reflect the current stage of research in order to demonstrate that the construction stage is reliably substantiated. 
Results. It was established that some regulatory requirements had not been met and that the necessity and justification for commencing the construction stage, as well as the safety of the future facility, had not been demonstrated by the participants in the Yenisei project.

 The development of small nuclear power plants, also known as small modular reactors (SMR) is now a central priority in the strategy of the Russian nuclear industry. SMR offer new opportunities for socioeconomic growth in remote regions, while playing a vital role in ensuring navigational safety in Arctic and Pacific waters. In the Far North, in particular, the one-of-a-kind floating nuclear power plant Akademik Lomonosov successfully operates. It is equipped with two KLT-40S pressurized water reactors that provide a combined electrical output of 70 MW. The accumulated expertise in compact reactors has enabled Russian specialists to initiate a project of a land-based small nuclear power plant that uses the RITM-200N reactor. Given the experience of operating the Akademik Lomonosov floating nuclear power plant, this study analyzes the limiting factors that affect the service life of KLT-40S reactors and steam generator piping systems. The article examines issues related to heat supply for the settlement of Ust-Kuyga (the Sakha Republic, Russia) and power supply for the five nearest settlements. Additionally, the conceptual issues of ensuring nuclear, radiation, and environmental safety for the future operation of the SMR with RITM-200N reactor are analyzed.

This article presents data on the global energy production and consumption and provides forecast estimates of changes in demand for themunder various development scenarios of the global energy sector up to 2050. Key factors affecting the growth of energy consumption worldwide are outlined. Furthermore, data on the development of wind and solar energy in Russia and globally are presented. The shortcomings of the existing methodology for determining the life-cycle energy efficiency of energy facilities are described. The main provisions of a new methodology for determining the life-cycle energy efficiency of wind power plants (WPPs) using aggregated indicators are provided. Based on the new methodology, the results of calculating energy expenditures over the life cycle of the Kola WPP in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation were calculated. The life-cycle energy efficiency of the Kola WPP has been determined.